Things to Do in Egypt

Things to Do in Egypt: A Guide to the Land of Pharaohs

Egypt is an extraordinary destination, rich with ancient history, unique culture, and stunning landscapes. From iconic monuments to natural wonders, Egypt offers travelers an abundance of experiences. Whether you’re visiting Cairo, Luxor, Aswan, or the coastal regions, here are the top things to do in Egypt:

Exploring the Pyramids on Camelback

1. Visit the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx

One of the most iconic experiences in Egypt is visiting the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx. These ancient wonders, located just outside of Cairo, are among the most significant and awe-inspiring monuments in human history. The Pyramids, especially the Great Pyramid of Khufu, stand as a testament to the engineering brilliance of ancient Egyptians. They were constructed more than 4,500 years ago using massive limestone blocks, and they continue to inspire travelers, historians, and archaeologists worldwide. Tourists can walk around the Giza Plateau, enter one of the pyramids, and learn about the mythology, symbolism, and rituals associated with these massive structures. For a more immersive experience, you can book a guided tour with a licensed Egyptologist who can explain the deeper historical and cultural significance of each monument. You’ll also get to marvel at the Great Sphinx of Giza, a massive limestone statue with the body of a lion and the head of a pharaoh, believed to represent King Khafre. The mystery surrounding the Sphinx’s construction and purpose adds to its allure. Visitors can enhance their trip by taking a camel or horse ride across the plateau, watching the Sound and Light Show in the evening, or capturing panoramic photos with the pyramids at sunset. The site is also home to several smaller tombs, solar boat pits, and temples, which provide a more comprehensive view of ancient Egyptian funerary practices. Whether you're visiting Egypt for the first time or returning, standing before the Pyramids and the Sphinx is a humbling experience that connects you with one of the greatest civilizations the world has ever known.

Cultural and Special Events

2. Explore the Egyptian Museum in Cairo

A visit to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo is an absolute must for anyone interested in the rich tapestry of Egypt's past. Located in Tahrir Square, this iconic museum houses over 120,000 artifacts, showcasing the splendor of ancient Egyptian civilization. From intricately carved statues to rare papyrus scrolls and mummified remains, the museum offers an in-depth look into thousands of years of history. One of the museum’s most famous attractions is the Tutankhamun Gallery, where you can view the legendary pharaoh’s golden mask, jewelry, chariots, and other treasures that were discovered in his nearly intact tomb in the Valley of the Kings. Seeing these items in person offers a surreal sense of connection to Egypt's royal past. Additionally, the museum contains the Royal Mummy Room, where visitors can see the actual mummified bodies of powerful pharaohs like Ramses II and Hatshepsut. The museum is thoughtfully organized into chronological sections that cover different dynasties, from the Predynastic Period through to the Greco-Roman era. Whether you're fascinated by ancient art, mythology, religion, or daily life in ancient Egypt, the museum provides a comprehensive experience for all. A guided tour is highly recommended to fully appreciate the context and significance of each artifact. Knowledgeable guides can bring the stories of the pharaohs and gods to life, making your visit both educational and unforgettable. Photography is allowed in many areas, so you’ll also have a chance to document your journey through ancient times. Visiting the Egyptian Museum is more than just a history lesson; it's an emotional and awe-inspiring journey that leaves you with a profound appreciation for the depth and beauty of Egyptian culture.

Luxor’s Surrounding Areas Day Trips and Beyond - Egypt tour magic

3. Discover the Temples of Luxor and Karnak

A journey to Egypt wouldn't be complete without experiencing the majesty of Luxor and Karnak Temples, located on the east bank of the Nile in Luxor. These sprawling temple complexes were once the beating heart of ancient Thebes and are among the largest and most significant religious structures ever built. The Karnak Temple Complex is a vast open-air museum and the second most visited historical site in Egypt after the Pyramids of Giza. It spans over 100 hectares and includes temples, chapels, pylons, and obelisks dedicated primarily to the Theban triad of Amun, Mut, and Khonsu. Walking through the Great Hypostyle Hall with its 134 massive columns arranged in 16 rows is a breathtaking experience that leaves every visitor in awe. Just a few kilometers south lies the Luxor Temple, connected to Karnak by the ancient Avenue of Sphinxes. Unlike Karnak, Luxor Temple was dedicated more to the rejuvenation of kingship than to a deity, and it played a vital role during the annual Opet Festival. At night, the temple is illuminated beautifully, creating a magical atmosphere that's perfect for evening visits. Touring these temples with a certified Egyptologist adds incredible depth to the experience. You'll learn about the symbolism behind the carvings, the architectural genius involved, and the historical context that shaped ancient Egypt’s religious life. Luxor and Karnak Temples are not only architectural marvels but also spiritual sites that capture the imagination. Their scale, detail, and enduring power make them unmissable landmarks on any Egyptian itinerary.

Nile Cruise - Egypt tour magic

4. Cruise the Nile River from Luxor to Aswan

One of the most enchanting ways to experience Egypt is by taking a Nile River cruise between Luxor and Aswan. This journey allows travelers to witness the timeless beauty of Egypt while exploring some of its most treasured temples and monuments along the riverbanks. Whether aboard a traditional dahabiya or a luxury cruise ship, a Nile cruise offers a perfect blend of relaxation and adventure. The cruise typically spans 3 to 5 days, depending on your itinerary. Along the way, you'll visit historic sites like the Temple of Edfu, dedicated to the falcon god Horus, and the Temple of Kom Ombo, a unique double temple honoring Sobek and Horus. Each stop unveils a different aspect of ancient Egyptian religion, architecture, and daily life. Onboard, you'll enjoy comfortable accommodations, gourmet meals, and often entertainment such as traditional music and folklore performances. The cruise also provides stunning views of rural Egyptian life—lush green fields, small villages, and palm-lined banks—which contrast beautifully with the desert landscape beyond. A cruise from Luxor to Aswan (or vice versa) is an ideal way to connect major attractions like Karnak Temple, the Valley of the Kings, and Philae Temple in one cohesive trip. It saves time and effort while delivering a luxurious, immersive experience. Whether you’re traveling solo, as a couple, or with family, a Nile River cruise is a must-do experience. It offers not just transportation, but a journey through the soul of Egypt.

Abu Simbel Sun Festivals - Egypt tour magic

5. Visit Abu Simbel Temples

Located near Egypt's southern border with Sudan, the Abu Simbel Temples are among the most breathtaking ancient monuments in the world. Built by Pharaoh Ramses II, these rock-cut temples are famous for their colossal statues and their remarkable relocation in the 1960s to save them from flooding caused by the construction of the Aswan High Dam. The main temple is dedicated to Ramses II himself and features four massive seated statues guarding its entrance. Inside, visitors can marvel at the hall lined with Osirid pillars, reliefs depicting Ramses’s military victories, and sanctuaries dedicated to the gods Amun, Ra-Horakhty, and Ptah. The smaller temple, built for Queen Nefertari, Ramses’s beloved wife, is equally impressive, with its own array of statues and intricate carvings. One of the most magical aspects of Abu Simbel is the Sun Festival that occurs twice a year—on February 22 and October 22—when sunlight illuminates the temple’s inner sanctuary, highlighting the statues of the gods and the pharaoh. This engineering marvel reflects the Egyptians’ deep astronomical knowledge and architectural genius. Getting to Abu Simbel can be done by flight from Aswan or via a private car tour, which also gives travelers a chance to enjoy the Nubian desert scenery. Though remote, the site’s grandeur makes it well worth the journey. Abu Simbel is not just a temple—it is a symbol of national pride and global cooperation in heritage preservation. A visit here is a once-in-a-lifetime experience that showcases the ambition and devotion of ancient Egyptian civilization.

Valley of the kings with Egypt tour Magic

6. Explore the Valley of the Kings

The Valley of the Kings is one of the most significant archaeological sites in the world and a top destination for history lovers visiting Egypt. Nestled on the west bank of the Nile near Luxor, this ancient necropolis served as the burial ground for Egypt's most powerful pharaohs during the New Kingdom period, including the famous Tutankhamun. The valley contains over 60 tombs, many of which are richly decorated with hieroglyphs and scenes from the Book of the Dead. These artistic masterpieces were designed to guide the deceased through the afterlife. Some tombs are open to the public on a rotating basis to help preserve their artwork. Visitors can explore impressive tombs such as those of Ramses VI, Seti I, and of course, Tutankhamun’s tomb, which still houses his original sarcophagus. For an enhanced experience, a guided tour with an Egyptologist can help decode the rich symbolism and tell the stories of the pharaohs buried here. The site also features a modern visitor center with informative displays and a scale model of the valley. Although the Valley of the Kings is famous for its royal tombs, the surrounding desert cliffs and views of the Nile Valley add to the surreal and sacred atmosphere of the place. Many tours combine a visit here with nearby attractions like the Temple of Hatshepsut and the Colossi of Memnon. A trip to the Valley of the Kings is both humbling and enlightening, offering a direct link to the mysteries of ancient Egypt’s spiritual beliefs and royal legacies.

Edfu and Kom Ombo with Egypt tour Magic

7. Visit the Temples of Edfu and Kom Ombo

Located between Luxor and Aswan, the Temples of Edfu and Kom Ombo are two of Egypt’s best-preserved and most intriguing temples. The Temple of Edfu, dedicated to the falcon god Horus, is one of the largest and most complete temples in Egypt. Standing on the west bank of the Nile, it is famous for its monumental entrance, lined with massive pylons, and its well-preserved inner sanctum. The temple's stunning carvings and hieroglyphs provide insight into ancient Egyptian religion, especially the cult of Horus. As you wander through its vast hallways and chambers, you’ll encounter depictions of Horus’ battles and myths, as well as other gods and divine figures. A short distance south lies the Temple of Kom Ombo, an unusual dual-temple that is dedicated to two gods: Sobek, the crocodile god, and Horus the Elder. What sets Kom Ombo apart from other temples is its symmetrical design, with two sets of everything—two sanctuaries, two courts, and two entrances—reflecting the worship of both gods. Visitors can also explore the temple's fascinating museum, which displays mummified crocodiles and ancient surgical instruments, highlighting the unique role of Kom Ombo in ancient Egyptian medicine. Both temples are popular stops on Nile cruises and offer an enriching exploration of Egypt’s religious and cultural life. Their stunning architecture and historical significance make them must-see sites on any journey through Egypt.

Safety Tips for Snorkeling and Scuba Diving in the Red Sea

8. Dive or Snorkel in the Red Sea

The Red Sea is one of the world’s most renowned destinations for diving and snorkeling, offering crystal-clear waters, vibrant coral reefs, and an abundance of marine life. The Red Sea Riviera, including Hurghada, El Gouna, and Marsa Alam, is home to some of the best diving and snorkeling sites in the world. Whether you’re a seasoned diver or a first-time snorkeler, these locations offer unforgettable underwater experiences. Giftun Island, located off the coast of Hurghada, is one of the most popular spots for snorkeling. Its pristine coral reefs are teeming with colorful fish, and the island's sandy beaches provide the perfect place to relax after a day of exploration. For those seeking adventure, Abu Dabbab, known for its sea turtles and dugongs, is a unique site where you can snorkel in shallow waters while observing these endangered creatures. In addition to reef diving, the waters of the Red Sea are famous for their shipwrecks, including the Thistlegorm wreck, which is considered one of the top wreck dive sites in the world. Many diving tours offer both wreck and reef dives, giving divers the chance to explore Egypt’s rich marine history. Whether you're diving to explore shipwrecks or simply enjoying the colorful underwater world, the Red Sea offers unparalleled opportunities to connect with marine life.

Camping in the Desert

9. Experience a Desert Safari and Bedouin Camp

A desert safari in Egypt is an exhilarating experience that allows visitors to explore the vast, untouched landscapes of the Egyptian desert. Starting from locations like Hurghada, Sharm El Sheikh, or El Gouna, adventurers can embark on quad bike rides, dune buggy excursions, or camel treks, each offering an adrenaline-pumping adventure into the heart of Egypt’s arid wilderness. The Eastern Desert, which stretches along the Red Sea coast, is a popular destination for these safaris. As you drive through the sand dunes, you'll be surrounded by dramatic desert vistas and rugged mountains, creating a sense of awe and adventure. For those looking for a cultural experience, a visit to a Bedouin village is a highlight. You can meet the local Bedouin people, learn about their traditional lifestyle, and enjoy a meal of authentic Bedouin cuisine under the desert sky. The experience is enhanced with a traditional dinner around a campfire, often accompanied by folkloric music and dance. As the stars begin to twinkle above, you’ll be immersed in the magic of the desert, experiencing both the natural beauty and the rich cultural heritage of the region. Whether you're seeking an action-packed adventure or a peaceful desert retreat, a desert safari in Egypt offers a unique opportunity to explore the country's hidden gems.

The Hanging Church A Coptic Masterpiece

10. Explore Coptic Cairo

Coptic Cairo is a quiet and historically rich district located in the heart of Cairo. It is home to several of the city's most significant early Christian sites, including the famous Hanging Church, also known as the Saint Virgin Mary's Coptic Orthodox Church. The Hanging Church is one of the oldest Christian churches in Egypt and is named for its location above a gatehouse of the Roman Babylon Fortress. Its beautiful wooden ceiling, ancient icons, and stunning architecture make it a must-see. Visitors can also explore the Coptic Museum, which houses an impressive collection of Coptic art, manuscripts, and relics. The museum provides a fascinating overview of Egypt's Christian history, from the early days of Christianity in Egypt to the development of Coptic culture and traditions. The Ben Ezra Synagogue, another important site in Coptic Cairo, is believed to be the place where the baby Moses was found. Coptic Cairo offers a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of modern Cairo. It is a place where the history of early Christianity in Egypt comes to life, and it serves as a powerful reminder of the diverse religious heritage that has shaped the nation. Whether you're interested in religious history or simply enjoying the calm atmosphere of the area, Coptic Cairo is a must-visit for those exploring Cairo's cultural diversity.

Sunset at the Siwa Salt Lakes (Siwa Oasis)

11. Relax in Siwa Oasis

Siwa Oasis, located in the western desert near the Libyan border, is one of Egypt’s most remote and serene destinations. Known for its tranquil environment, Siwa offers a peaceful escape from the bustling cities of Egypt. Visitors can soak in the natural beauty of the oasis, with its palm groves, salt lakes, and lush green landscapes that contrast sharply with the surrounding desert. Siwa is also home to the famous Cleopatra’s Pool, a natural spring where you can take a refreshing swim in crystal-clear waters. The oasis is dotted with ancient ruins, including the Temple of the Oracle of Amun, which was once consulted by Alexander the Great. The Siwa Oasis is rich in cultural history, with the local Berber community still maintaining their traditional way of life, including unique customs, language, and crafts. A 4x4 safari through the Great Sand Sea offers a thrilling adventure into the surrounding desert dunes, where visitors can marvel at the dramatic sand landscapes. Siwa is also famous for its salt lakes, which provide a natural, therapeutic experience. Whether you’re looking for relaxation, adventure, or a cultural journey, Siwa Oasis offers a one-of-a-kind experience.

Modern Bibliotheca Alexandrina in Alexandria, Egypt, highlighted by Egypt Tour Magic for its circular design and engraved granite wall.

12. Visit Alexandria’s Coastal Wonders

Alexandria, Egypt’s second-largest city, sits on the Mediterranean coast and is a fascinating blend of ancient history and modern charm. Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE, Alexandria quickly became one of the most important cities in the ancient world, serving as a center of learning, culture, and commerce. Today, it remains a vital part of Egypt’s coastal life, offering a mix of historical sites and scenic views. The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa are one of Alexandria's top attractions. This ancient burial site, dating back to the 2nd century CE, is a mix of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architectural styles and is filled with intricate carvings and tombs. Pompey’s Pillar, a massive Roman column, is another impressive monument, offering sweeping views of the city. The Citadel of Qaitbay, built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World), stands as a symbol of Alexandria’s strategic importance through history. The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, a modern library built to commemorate the ancient Library of Alexandria, is another must-see in the city. It is an architectural marvel and houses millions of books, as well as several museums and galleries. Alexandria’s vibrant Mediterranean ambiance, its scenic coastline, and its historical significance make it a fascinating destination for history lovers and beachgoers alike.

Destinations

Top destinations

Egypt offers a wealth of remarkable destinations, each with its own unique charm. Cairo, the bustling capital, is home to the awe-inspiring Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the world-famous Egyptian Museum. Luxor, often called the world’s greatest open-air museum, boasts the majestic Karnak and Luxor Temples, as well as the Valley of the Kings. Down south in Aswan, visitors can explore stunning sites like the Abu Simbel Temples and take relaxing boat rides on the Nile. The Red Sea cities, including Sharm El Sheikh and Hurghada, are renowned for their pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and vibrant coral reefs, perfect for diving and water sports. For a tranquil retreat, Siwa Oasis offers natural beauty with salt lakes and ancient ruins, while Alexandria combines Mediterranean charm with rich historical landmarks like Pompey’s Pillar and the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. Dahab and Marsa Alam provide more peaceful alternatives for those seeking a quieter beach experience. Finally, the Sinai Peninsula offers stunning landscapes and religious significance, with attractions like Mount Sinai and St. Catherine Monastery. Each destination in Egypt is a treasure trove of history, culture, and natural beauty, making it an unforgettable place to visit.

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